Adenovirus Vaccines
Of
the many viruses that have been researched for their ability to be used
as a vector to elicit cell mediated immunity, adenoviruses are among
the most powerful. They have a number of advantages, such as:
Elicit
5 to10 times more cell mediated immunity, or killer T-Cells, than
competing technologies such as naked DNA
or pox-like virus
Direct infection of antigen presenting dendritic cells in the vaccine
Higher protective effectiveness on a per-cytotoxic T-cell basis
The capability to induce circulating and mucosal immunity
Ease of manufacturing
While there are many benefits of adenoviral vectors, it's apparent that previous generations have many disadvantages such as:
Pre-existing immunity of the vaccinees due to previous exposure to wild type adenovirus infection
Immunization for different diseases using the same Ad vector is not probable
Limited number of genes can be incorporated into current generation vectors
Vectors are unable to deliver a second immunization (a boost) for the disease alone